Automatic metal boring and turning lathe



(No Model.)

I. o. S'WISHBR.

4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

AUTOMATIC METAL BORING AND TURNING LATHE.

Patented Apr. 12, 1892.

A from/Fys Tur. Nonms Pa'rzns co.. Fumo-urna., wnsmnsmu, n. c:A

' 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.v I. C. SWISHER.

AUTOMATIC METAL BORING AND TURNING LATHE.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

I. C. SWISHER. AUTOMATIC METAL BORING AND TURNING LATHE. l No. 472,833. Patented Apr; 12, 1'892.

Zog 3 l N @e a c/o f ce A TTU/9N E Y S me mmms versus co., mofa-umol, msumurou. o. c.

(No Model.) 4-Sh1eets-Sheet 4.

I. C. SWISHBR. AUTOMATIC META? BORING AND TURNING LA'AI'IHE. No. 472,833. ENA/xlatent'ed Apr` ATTORNEYS of Fig. 1. Fig. 14,Sheet 1,is an enlarged 1011-' UNITEDi .STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ISAACrC. SWISHER, OF COFFEYVILLE, KANSAS.

AUTOMATIC METAL BORING AND TURNING LATHE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 472,833, dated April 12, 1892.

. Application filed October 26, 18.91.

To all whom t may' concern.-

Be it known that I, ISAAC O. SWIsHER, residing at Coffeyville, county of Montgomery, and State of Kansas,Y have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Metal Boring and Turning Lathes, of which the following is a specification.

My improved lathe is adapted for use in boring and mortising, shaping, turning, and screw-cutting, as well as milling, planing, and ritling.

I have devised improvements in various parts which enable me to operate on objects of greatly differing shapes and to ldo more ac'- cnrate and varied work than is usual in this class of lathes.

In the drawings, (four sheets,) Figure 1, Sheet l, is a plan view of the lathe; and Fig. 2, Sheet 2, is a side view of the same. Fig-3, Sheet 3, is a longitudinal section of the so-' called work-holder on line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Figs. 4 and 5, Sheet 3, are transverse vertical sections of the work-holder on lines 4 4 and 5 5, respectively, of Fig. 1. Fig. 6, Sheet 3, is a vertical section of the tool-carriage on line 6 6 of Fig. l. Fig. '7, Sheet 4, is a plan view of the (inverted) top portion of the work-holder. Fig. 8, Sheet 4, is a plan view of the base or bottom portion of the work-holder. Fig. 9, Sheet 4, isa transverse vertical section of the tail-stock and bed of the lathe. Fig. 10, Sheet 4, is another section of a portion of the same. Fig. l1, Sheet 4, is an end view of the lathe. Figs. 12 and 13, Sheet 3, are vertical sections of the clutch and other gearing in the headstock on lines 12 12 and 13 13, respectively,

gitudinal section of the clutch mechanism. Fig. 15, Sheet 2, is mainly a side view of the mechanism for locking and releasing one of the worm-gears that meshes with the feedscrew. Fig. 16, Sheet 2, is a perspective view of the parts of such mechanism separated.

The bed A of the lathe has the usual parallel shears or ways on which the tail-stock B, work-holder C, and tool-carriageD are mounted and adapted to slide. The tail-stock B is adjustable on the bed A, and is provided with means that will presently be described for clamping it in any position; but the toolcarriage D and work-holder C are reciprocated automatically by the feed-screw E, ar-

Serial No. 409,930.' (No model.)

ranged, as usual, onthe front of bed A. The head-stock F isixed on the bed A, and its frame comprises three transverse parallel nprights ffzf, in which the hollow mandrel, the back gear, and differential clutch-gearing are mounted. a

I will describe my improvements as applied to, connected with, or comprisingsaid tailstock, work-holder, tool-carriage, head-stock, and clutch-gearing in the order here indicated.

The standard of the tail-stock B is formed of two parts, the base b being fitted to and adapted to slide upon the shears A. while the other b is adj nstable laterally or transversely on such base by means of a rotating screw h2, fitted and working in a threaded cylindrical socket. (Shown in Fig. 10.) The part b is clamped to the base b and both are clamped to the shears Aby means of a rod b3, passing vertically through said parts b b', a nut b4 and cross-bars b5, applied to the threaded lower end of such rod, and a crank-shaft h6, having an eccentric portion that passes through and Works in a loop formed in the upper end of the rod b3. When the angular arm of the crank-shaft h6 is turned down, the eccentric is at its lowest point, (see dotted' lines, Fig. 9,) which releases the clamp, so that the tail-stock B may be .easily slid or adjusted along the bed A; but when the crank-arm b is turned upthe eccentric is correspondingly elevated, which raises the rod b3 and cross-bar b5, whereby the tail-stock B is clamped in place on the bed A and its parts together. This does not, however, prevent lateral adjustment of the head or upper part b of the tail-stock, since the eccentric portion of the crank-shaft h6 is elongated to allow the rod-loop to slide on it lengthwise, and both parts band bare chambered to allow the requisite lateral movement relatively to each other and of the upper one b relative to the clamp-rod b3.

The base of the work-holder C slides on the ways A and is provided with a pendent portion or apron c, to the inner side of which two worm-gears c c2 (see Figs. 2 and 5) are attached and arranged on opposite sides of the feed-screw E. The. upper gear c rotates loosely on its pivot, and the lower one c2 is fast on the crank-shaft c3. Both gears are in constant engagement with the eedscreW, so that by rotating the crank-shaft c3 the work-holder IOO pendent apron c of the work-holder C. The

s aid spring c5 is attached tothe faceof a disk hxed on the crank-shaft c3, Figs. 15 and 16,

and the pin c4 works through a hole formed in it, as shown. The spring c5 holds the pin .c4 normally in one of the holes'in apron c; ,but

it may be withdrawn by a cam or wedge CG, that projects radially from the sleeve c7, mounted loosely on the shaft c3 and provided with a lever-arm, as shown. By rotating said sleeve c7 the cam c(i is forced under the spring c5, and thus withdraws the pin c4, Fig. 15, and thus releases the crank-shaft c3 and the attached gear c2, as will be readily understood.

Thel work-'holders proper are two Vises 08 and es', mounted lon the top plate X ot' the Work-holder C. The one 08, Fig. 1, nearest the head-stock F is pivoted at one end and its free end provided with screws o9, passing vertically through it and having flanged heads which work in a curved undercut groove 010, formed in the said top plate. The latter is graduated adjacent to said groove to indicate the linear divisions ofan arc of ninety degrees. By turning the screws 09 the slotted frame of the vise cs'may be clamped at any desired angle to the head-stock, and by means of the screw c11 the outer jaws c12 of the vise es may be slid toward or from the other jaw cl3, which is manually adjustable in notches of the vise-frame. The other vise c8-namely, the one nearest the tail-stock B-is not pivoted, but adjustable bodily lengthwise of the work-holder C-that is,'toward or from the head-'stock 'F-in order to enable it to be used for `holding articles of different lengths. It is secured to the top plate X of thework-holderl C -bymeans of two screws c1, whose vflanged heads enter and are adjustable in `parallel undercut grooves 015. This arrangement of the the vises c8 a8 enables them to hold work of various forms, sizes, and length at various angles tothe tool that operates on it. Besides Y this, that portion of the topplate X, having the quadra'ntgroove 010is adapted to slide laterally, being operated by a screw c1, and thus the adaptation for nice adjustment is f urtherv increased.

The whole top plate X,with both vises e8 as attached, is adjustable lengthwise by means of a screw-shaft c17 and ball-crank cls, Figs. 1 and 2. The top plate of the work-holder withv the vises may also be elevated,as required, tov bring the work into position relative to the' operating-tool. To this end, the bed or base ot the work-holder C is recessed, Figs. 3, 4,5,

and 8, to accommodate two parallel transversely-sliding bars 019, Fig. 8, two pivoted levers 020, a sliding cross-head 021, and rotatable `or forming part of the head-stock.

`on the rod I as occasion requires.

screw-shaft c2?. The latter is arranged transversely and operated by the ball-crank 023. It passes 'through the cross-head. 021, whose notchedends receive the inner ends of the levers G20, whose outer ends enter slots in the bars 019. The latter have cams or wedgeshaped projections which work in` frictional contact with'and are dovetailed to corresponding projections or cams formed on the under side of the top portion ot' the work-holder C. By rotating the screw-shaft 022 the levers 020 are turned on their pivots and the bars 019 thereby slide lengthwise transversely of the work-holder C,thus raising the top portion to the required degree. The said plate is guided in its vertical movementby means'of pins C24, working in sockets, as shown in Figs. 3 and 8.

The tool-carriage D, Figs. 1, 2, and 6, has a d d2, a crank-shaft (Z3, a spring locking-pin,

cam, and sleeve,vlike the work-holder C, and

which adapt it to operate and be adjusted manually or reeiprocated automatically in precisely the same way. 'The tool d4, which is used for cutting screw-threads or for turning off cylindrical surfaces, is adjustably clamped to a block d6 upon a bar (17, that is pi voted at one end of the tool-carriage proper. The free end of this bar d7 is adjusted vertically in order to betterv adapt the tool d4 to the work by means of a wedge d8, which slides on the bed ,of the carriage D, and is adjusted by a screw-shaft d and bell-crank d10. The free end of the bar (i7 is held between vertical guides, and the Wedge d8 works in a guidesocket 4formed in it.

I will rnow describe the parts connected with (See Figs. 1 and 2.) The hollow mandrel f4is journaled in the outer two ot' the three -uprigh-ts ffzfs of the head stock F and provided with a stepped speed-pulleyf5. Parallelv to it is the shaft g of the back gearing G, Fig. 1, usually employed on engine-lathes, said shaft being mounted eccentrically and thus adapted to be shifted laterally to carry its large and small gears gand g2 into or out of engagement with corresponding gears f6- and j7 on the mandrel f4. A e

I -will novi' describe ythe clutclrshifting mechanism, which automatically reverses the rotation of the mandrel f4 and the movement or feed of the work-holder C ortool-carriage D, as the case may be. It will be seen that both the latter have a pendent finger x, Figs. 2 and 12, which is'adapted to come in contact with tappets H on a rod I, arranged under and lengthwise and parallel to the front portion of thelathe-bed A. These tappets are clamped by a thu uib-screw, and may hence be adj usted For con.- venience of description I will suppose the toolcarriage D to be removed from the bed A, or else thrown out of working connection with the feed-screws E,and will refer solely to the automatic operation of the work-holder C, since the same description will apply equally ICO ITO

to the tool-carriage D. The aforesaid rod I slides in its supports, and its front portion (see Fig. 12) is bent inward horizontally, and then upward, and connected with a sliding plate t', Figs. 1 and 2, having two forks which engage two flanged sleeves jj, Fig. 14, adapted to slide on the sleeve K on a shaft L, and having a spline connection therewith, Fig. 12, and arranged between the large and small gears M M. The shaft L has its bearing in the outer and intermediate uprights f3 f2. The gears M M are loose on said shaft and have a circular recess on the inner side, Fig. 14, and also a lug m, Fig. 12, that projects into the recess, as shown. The sleeve K has a circular flange or head kon each end, and each flange has'a notch m to receive the lug m. A spiral spring N encircles the inner ends of the aforesaid sleeves jj and holds them normally separated. f It will be seen that when the work-holder C moves in either direction its pendent fingera: will engage one of the tappets H, and thereby shift the rod I lengthwise, which, through the medium of the forked plate t', will move one of the notched heads or flanges k of sleeve K out of engagement with one of the recessed gears M or h and carry the opposite flange k into engagement with the other gear M or M', thus reversing the rotation of the feedscrew E, so that the'motion of the Work-holder C is also reversed. This reversal is effected by gearing that will be presently described. In other words, when the clutch-shifting rod I is thus shifted the effect is at once to remove one of the notched heads k out of engagement with the adjacent gear M or 1W and to force the other head or flange k against the other gear; but it usually happens that.

the notch or recess m of the latter is not in position to allow the flange or head to enterY it, since the notch fm and lug m of the adjacent and contacted parts do not then coincide; but the spring N holds the parts pressed together until the continued rotation of the gear brings the notch m and lug mv opposite each other, when it forces the head into the recess in the gear, and thereby effects the engagement.

I The gear connection between the mandrel f4 and shaft L and feedscrew E is effected by the following means: The loose clutchgear M, Figs. 1 and 2, is in constant mesh with a gearfs, which is fast on the mandrel f4, and the corresponding but larger clutchgear M is similarly engaged with a pinion q, Figs. 2 and 12, attached to alarge gear q', that meshes with thesmall central gear f6 on the mandrel. The connected pinion q and gear f6 rotate free on a horizontal journal, which is fixed in the intermediate upright f2. It will now be apparent that the gears on the mandrel constantly rotate with it in one direction, and will impart motion alternatelyto that one of the loose clutch-gears M M on shaft L which is at that time locked with such shaft by means of the sleeve K. Through this in one direction or the other to the feed-screw E. The last-named gearing is composed of small gears e" and e on the shaft L and feedscrew E, respectively, and a larger intermediate gear P, that normally meshes withv them but such larger gear is mounted on a forked and slotted arm Q, that is pivoted on the shaft L, and maybe shifted around such point for engaging with or disengaging from the gear c' on the feed-screw. .'A clamp-bolt q2 works in the arc slot of said arm Q and serves to clamp the latter in any adjustment for holding the arm in the required position. When itI is not desired to operate the feed-screw E, the arm Q is adjusted to remove the gear P from mesh with the gear e', as shown by dotted lines, Fig. 11, and this is generally required when the rifling-tool isbrought into use, whose operation I will now describe. A riding-rod S, Figs. 1, 2, and 11,' is arranged to slide in the mandrel f4, it .being operated manually. A screw enters the spiral groove S in said rod S and compels it to revolve as it is reciprocated.

When the machine is used for riding or milling, the mandrel f 4 is locked by a spring-A catch T, whose point enters any one of the holes in the grooves of a space wheel o r disk U, mounted on the outer end of the mandrel, adjacent to the upright f. shifted to throw the feed-screw E out of action, so th at the toolcarriage and work-holder will remain at rest. The aforesaid catch Tis pivoted to the upright of the head-rest, and its` spring-shank holds it normally engaged with the disk, but permits easy disengagement when required. The pin or point of the catch is adj usted in different holes in the space-disk, according to the number of rifles or grooves to be cut. The gun-barrel to be riied is held in the vises o8 o8.

What I claim isj 1. In a boring and turning lathe, the combination, with the bed A, of the tail-stock having a base portion b, having half of a screwsocket formed in its upper side, and the laterally adjustable top portion b', and the screw-shaft b2, fitted in the socket, and thereby engaging the thread in the lower half of the same, and means for Yholding the said parts together, yet permitting adjustment of the upper one, as specified.

2. In a boring and turning lathe, the combination, with the sliding carriage C and the vise C', adjustable in the arc of a circle, of another vise C2, which is adjustable toward and from the other, as shown and described.

3. In a boring and turning lathe, the sliding work-holder having a recessed base, the vertically-adjustable top plate having guides ,C24 and cam projections on its under side, the

screw-shaft 022, the notched cross-head C21, the levers c2", pivoted to said recessed base, the bars @19, sliding on the latter and having slots The arm Q is also IOO IIO

to receive the outer ends of said levers, and lateral cams, all combined as shown and described.

.4. I n a boring and turning lathe, the oomblnation, with the sliding tool-carriage, of a .horizontal bar pivoted thereto and arranged transversely of the lathe-bed, a tool-carrying block adapted to slide on said bar lengthwise, an adjustable wedge which Works beneath the freer end of said bar, and means for ad- Justing the wedge for elevating` the tool, as shown and described.

5. In a boring and turning lathe, the comblnation, with a carriage having a pendent apron and slidin g on the bed A, the feed-screw, and gears adapted to engage the latter, of a rotatable shaft on Which one of said gears Vis mounted, the same gear being also provided W1th a series of holes, ,a spring having a pin passing through a disk and adapted to enter any of said holes, and a cam adapted to be adjusted beneath said spring, as shown and described. y

G. In a boring and turning lathe, the Colnbination, with the mandrel and its gear, of the sliding work-holder or other carriage, the reversible feed-screw and its gear, the clutchshifting rod having tappets for engaging the work-holder, the feathered shaft L and gearing for connecting it with the feed-screw and arbor, the gears M and M', mounted loose on said shaft, and shifting'clutches for engaging said gears alternately, substantially as shown and described. Y

. V7. In a boring and turning lathe, the combination,with the mandrel and gear, of the sliding Work-holder, thereversible feed-screw and t in the recesses of the said gears, and means for connecting the sleeves and shifting-rod and gearing and fortransmitting motion from the mandrel to shaft L and from the latter to the feed-screw, substantially as shown and described. y

8. I n a boring and turning lathe, the combination, With the mandrel, Work-holder, feedscrew, and clutch-shifting rod having stops for .engaging the Work-holder, of the shaft L, a sleeve sliding thereon on a feather and having notched heads, the gears VM and M', mounted loose on said shaft and having a recess and lng adapted to engage sleeve-heads, and a spring coiled about the4 inner separated ends of the sleeves, and a forked plate connected with said sleeves and the clutchshifting rod, whereby when said rod if shifted it operates both sleeves and at once disengages one clutch, after which the spring holds the other clutch ready for'engagement as the shaft L continues to revolve, substantially as shown and described.

ISAAC C. SVVISHER. Witnesses:

JASPER N. SWIsHER,

LEONARD W. MASON. 

